風(fēng)能將為開(kāi)采海底油氣提供電力

據(jù)今日油價(jià)4月13日?qǐng)?bào)道，更長(zhǎng)的葉片，更高的塔，更強(qiáng)大的渦輪機(jī)：如今風(fēng)能似乎已經(jīng)過(guò)了創(chuàng)新的高峰，正在逐步改進(jìn)，而不是突破。然而，除了一家石油公司外，沒(méi)有任何一家公司冒險(xiǎn)進(jìn)入一個(gè)具有巨大潛力的新領(lǐng)域：浮動(dòng)海上風(fēng)電。

挪威石油部本月早些時(shí)候批準(zhǔn)了Equinor的一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃，旨在在北海建造和運(yùn)營(yíng)一個(gè)浮動(dòng)海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)，為多達(dá)五個(gè)油氣平臺(tái)提供電力。該項(xiàng)目是同類(lèi)項(xiàng)目中的首個(gè)，但是它將對(duì)海上油氣以及海上風(fēng)電產(chǎn)生重大影響。

事實(shí)：距離挪威海岸140公里的Hywind Tampen風(fēng)力發(fā)電場(chǎng)的總發(fā)電量為88兆瓦，配備11臺(tái)渦輪機(jī)，將滿足兩個(gè)Snorre平臺(tái)和三個(gè)Gullfaks平臺(tái)約35％的電力需求。但是，Equinor表示，在風(fēng)速較高的時(shí)期，該百分比將大大提高。

這項(xiàng)耗資4.9億美元（合50億瑞典克朗）的項(xiàng)目將減少燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)的發(fā)電，從而使這五個(gè)平臺(tái)的二氧化碳排放量每年減少約20萬(wàn)噸，并將一氧化二氮的排放量減少1000噸。

這當(dāng)然是一項(xiàng)巨大的任務(wù)。 由于風(fēng)電場(chǎng)產(chǎn)生的電力將用于從海底開(kāi)采石油和天然氣，因此在環(huán)保方面不太可能給Equinor評(píng)很多分，但這并不是該項(xiàng)目的唯一目的。

據(jù)Equinor稱(chēng)，Hywind Tampen風(fēng)電場(chǎng)還將成為未來(lái)海上風(fēng)電裝置的試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)。

郝芬 譯自 今日油價(jià)

原文如下：

Offshore Oil Could Soon Be Powered By Wind

Longer blades, taller towers, more powerful turbines: wind energy seems to be past the peak of innovation now, improving incrementally rather than with breakthrough. And yet none other than an oil company has ventured into a new field with massive potential: floating offshore wind.

The Norwegian petroleum ministry earlier this month approved a plan by Equinor to build and operate a floating offshore wind farm in the North Sea that will supply power to as many as five oil and gas platforms. The project is the first of its kind, but it would have significant implications both for offshore oil and gas and for offshore wind.

The facts: the Hywind Tampen wind farm, 140 km off the Norwegian coast, will have a total capacity of 88 MW with 11 turbines that will meet around 35 percent of the electricity needs of the two Snorre platforms and the three Gullfaks platforms. However, Equinor says that "In periods of higher wind speed this percentage will be significantly higher."

The $490-million (5 billion kroner) project will reduce the use of gas turbines for power generation, consequently lowering the emissions of carbon dioxide from the five platforms by some 200,000 tons annually and emissions of nitrous oxides by 1,000 tons.

That's certainly a sizable undertaking. It is unlikely to score Equinor many green points since the power generated by the wind farm will be used for extracting oil and gas from the bottom of the sea, but this is not the only purpose of the project.

According to Equinor, the Hywind Tampen wind farm will also be a test site for future offshore wind installations.