石油巨頭們準(zhǔn)備把捕獲的碳存儲(chǔ)地下

據(jù)能源世界網(wǎng)3月9日?qǐng)?bào)道，在30多年的石油和天然氣業(yè)務(wù)中，Andy Lane在特立尼達(dá)和印度尼西亞等地管理著大型天然氣開采和運(yùn)輸設(shè)施的建設(shè)。

如今，他正在自己的祖國(guó)英格蘭工作，從事一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜而昂貴的事業(yè)，其目的基本上是要扭轉(zhuǎn)他在職業(yè)生涯的大部分時(shí)間里所做的事情。

Lane的最新任務(wù)是收集英格蘭東北部一組化工廠的碳污染，并將其送往北海深處的一個(gè)儲(chǔ)蓄地。

這個(gè)耗資數(shù)十億美元的項(xiàng)目可能是碳捕捉和存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)的一個(gè)突破。碳捕捉和存儲(chǔ)技術(shù)的概念已經(jīng)存在了至少25年，目的是減少工廠排放的破壞氣候的碳排放。

這個(gè)想法聽起來(lái)似乎很簡(jiǎn)單:在污染物逸散到空氣中之前轉(zhuǎn)移它們，并將它們深埋在地下，這樣它們就不會(huì)造成傷害。但是這項(xiàng)技術(shù)已經(jīng)被證明是非常昂貴的，而且它并沒有像一些支持者希望的那樣迅速流行起來(lái)。

盡管如此，碳捕獲作為實(shí)現(xiàn)2016年《巴黎氣候協(xié)議》目標(biāo)的一種方式仍受到了廣泛關(guān)注。喬·拜登(Joe Biden)總統(tǒng)曾宣傳過(guò)碳捕捉的承諾;上個(gè)月，?？松梨谛剂艘豁?xiàng)30億美元的低碳投資，包括碳捕獲;一周后，埃隆·馬斯克(Elon Musk)承諾出資1億美元，參加一場(chǎng)尋找最佳碳捕捉技術(shù)的競(jìng)賽。

該項(xiàng)目位于英國(guó)蒂斯河(River Tees)沿岸的提賽德(Teesside)地區(qū)，由石油巨頭英國(guó)石油公司（BP）牽頭，預(yù)計(jì)規(guī)模將擴(kuò)大：該地區(qū)是英國(guó)最大的污染工廠和煉油廠集群之一。通過(guò)將它們聯(lián)系在一起——通過(guò)管道收集它們的所有排放物，并向它們收取費(fèi)用——英國(guó)石油公司希望達(dá)到足夠的規(guī)模，使其成為一項(xiàng)有利可圖的污染治理業(yè)務(wù)。

Lane表示，Teesside“在英國(guó)有很多巨大的工業(yè)排放源，這就是為什么這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是有意義的。

郝芬 譯自 能源世界網(wǎng)

原文如下：

Oil giants prepare to put carbon back in the ground

During more than three decades in the oil and gas business, Andy Lane has managed the construction of enormous facilities for extracting and transporting natural gas, in places like Trinidad and Indonesia.

Now he is working in his native England, taking on a complex and expensive venture that essentially aims to reverse what he has spent much of his career doing.

Lane’s newest assignment is designed to collect carbon pollution from a group of chemical plants in northeast England and send it to a reservoir deep under the North Sea.

The multibillion-dollar project could be a breakthrough for a technology known as carbon capture and storage, a concept that has been around for at least a quarter-century to reduce the climate-damaging emissions from factories.

The idea sounds deceptively simple: Divert pollutants before they can escape into the air, and bury them deep in the ground where they can do no harm. But the technology has proved to be hugely expensive, and it has not caught on as rapidly as some advocates hoped.

Still, lots of attention is being paid to carbon capture as a way to meet the targets in the 2016 Paris climate agreement. As a candidate, President Joe Biden promoted carbon capture’s promise; last month, Exxon Mobil announced a $3 billion investment in low-carbon efforts, including carbon capture; and a week later, Elon Musk promised to put up $100 million for a contest seeking the best carbon-capture technology.

The project in England, in an area called Teesside along the River Tees, is led by the oil giant BP and expects to have size on its side: The area is home to one of the country’s largest clusters of polluting factories and refineries. By linking them together — collecting all their emissions by pipeline, and charging them a fee — BP hopes to achieve sufficient scale to make a profitable business of tackling their pollution.

Teesside “has quite a lot of the big industrial emissions sources in the U.K., and that is why this project makes sense,” Lane said.